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Home arrow Medical Procedures arrow Cardiac arrow Valve Repair or Valve Replacement arrow Types of Heart Valves
Types of Heart Valves

Heart Valves

The heart valves in the heart maintain the unidirectional flow of blood by opening and closing depending on the difference in pressure on each side. Healthbase - Medical Tourism - Heart Valves
The heart has two sets of pumping chambers:
  1. the right-sided chambers pump blood to the lungs
  2. the left side pumps blood to the rest of the body ( does the harder job)
The main pumping chambers of the heart are called the ventricles. Ventricle has two valves: Healthbase - Medical Tourism - Anterior (frontal) view of the opened heart
  1. Inflow valve
  2. Outflow valve - The aortic valve is the outflow valve, allows the blood to leave the left ventricle and closes to prevent blood from leaking backwards into the ventricle from the rest of the body.

Aortic valve

The aortic valve has three cusps. These cusps are half moon shaped hence also called aortic semilunar valve. Each cusp has a small swelling in the center called the nodule. Dilatation of the wall of the aorta behind these cusps is called aortic sinus. When the aortic valve is open, the normal size of the orifice is 3-4 sq.cm in adults. The most common congenital abnormality is a bicuspid aortic valve. The normal aortic valve has three leaflets, but a bicuspid aortic valve has only two. So it may not open or close completely.

Tricuspid Valve

The tricuspid valve is on the right side of the heart, between the right atrium and the right ventricle. The normal tricuspid valve usually has three leaflets and three papillary muscles. Tricuspid valves may also occur with two or four leaflets, and the number may change during life.

Mitral valve

The mitral valve (also known as the bicuspid valve or left atrioventricular valve), is a dual flap valve in the heart that lies between the left atrium (LA) and the left ventricle (LV). In Latin, the term mitral means shaped like a miter, or bishop's cap. The mitral valve and the tricuspid valve are known collectively as the atrioventricular valves because they lie between the atria and the ventricles of the heart and control flow.
 
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