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Home arrow Medical Library arrow Cardiology arrow Ejection fraction
Ejection fraction

Ejection Fraction  (Ef)

In cardiovascular physiology, ejection fraction (Ef) is the fraction of blood pumped out of a ventricle with each heart beat. 

This measures the capacity at which your heart is pumping.

Healthy individuals typically have ejection fractions greater than 0.55.

Formula 

 Ejection fraction is stroke volume (SV) divided by end-diastolic volume (EDV)

  Ef = (SV)/(EDV) 

 Note: Stroke Volume (SV)  = EndDiastolicVolume - EndSystolicVolume)
 


 

The ejection fraction may decrease when the heart muscle has been damage (Heart attack, Heart-muscle disease,Heart valve problems)

During each heartbeat cycle, the heart contracts and relaxes.

When the heart contracts (systole), it ejects blood from the two pumping chambers (ventricles).

When the heart relaxes (diastole), the ventricles refill with blood.

This process does not empty all of the blood out of a ventricle.

The left ventricle is the heart's main pumping chamber, ejection fraction is usually measured only in the left ventricle (LV).

 

How to measure Ejection Fraction

  • An ultrasound of the heart (echocardiography)

  • Cardiac catheterization (left ventriculogram)

  • A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of the heart

  • A nuclear medicine scan (multiple gated acquisition, or MUGA) of the heart

  • A computerized tomography (CT) scan of the heart

  • The historical gold standard for the measurement of ejection fraction is ventriculography

 
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